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(Press Enter). Toggle navigation National Defense University Press The premier professional military and academic publishing house NDU Press Search Search NDU Press: Search Search NDU Press: Search Home About Essay Competitions JFQ PRISM Publications Books Case Studies Occasional Papers Policy Briefs Strategic Monographs Submit a Manuscript Contact Position, Navigation, and Timing Weaponization in the Maritime Domain it is essential that policymakers and maritime operators understand the grave danger that GPS and AIS weaponization entails. Read More → The Survival Chain”: Medical Support to Military Operations on the Future Battlefield The Joint Trauma System must continue to evolve to meet anticipated challenges, most urgently for point-of-injury care, care during casualty evacuation, and surgical care as discussed. Read More → From Made in China” to Created in China”: Intellectual Property Rights in the PRC China analysts need to be more mindful of China’s rising influence in generating intellectual property. The reality is that China’s growing influence in patent applications and innovation is the real threat. Read More → The premier professional military and academic publishing house of the National Defense University Joint Force Quarterly 112 | Feb. 15, 2024 A New Form of Accountability in JPME: The Shift to Outcomes-Based Military Education Kristin Mulready-Stone The programs responsible for teaching joint professional military education (JPME) Phases I and II are undergoing a significant transformation in demonstrating their mission fulfillment. Governed by the Officer Professional Military Education Policy (OPMEP), particularly OPMEP-F, implemented on May 15, 2020, these institutions are moving towards outcomes-based military education (OBME). Unlike previous versions, OPMEP-F requires programs to prove achievement on defined learning outcomes, marking a departure from merely demonstrating coverage of mandated content. This shift reflects a comprehensive change in validating JPME program success and ensuring graduates reach specified levels of achievement on defined learning outcomes. Joint Force Quarterly 112 | Feb. 16, 2024 Converting a Political- to a Military-Strategic Objective Milan Vego Political objectives are usually achieved by using one’s military power. Converting political objectives into achievable military-strategic objectives is the primary responsibility of military-strategic leadership. This process is largely an art rather than a science. There are many potential pitfalls because much depends on the knowledge, understanding, experience, and judgment of military-strategic leaders. Most often, mistakes made are only recognized after setbacks or defeats suffered during the hostilities. Despite its critical importance, there is no consensus on the steps and methods in converting political- into military-strategic objectives. There is scant writing on the subject in either doctrinal documents or professional journals. Joint Force Quarterly 112 | Feb. 16, 2024 Applying Three Decisionmaking Models to the Lakota Sioux Wars Jacob Ivie and Bradley F. Podliska Examining the factors leading to the decisions made by Crazy Horse, Custer, and Reno through the lenses of expected utility, cybernetic, and poliheuristic decision strategies enables objectivity in analysis and hindsight. It also offers an example of how to study three different leaders, each of whom resolved uncertainty with their decisions, even if such decisions proved disastrous. Modern leaders can utilize these same tools to make sense of complexity and to apply a framework to analyze an opponent’s past decisions, compare the findings to the present situation, and then predict future courses of action. Joint Force Quarterly 112 | Feb. 15, 2024 New Strategic Deterrence Frameworks for Modern-Day Challenges Kayse Jansen Decades of fighting militarily inferior adversaries with little to no concern of strategic escalation have atrophied the intellectual frameworks required to deter and, if necessary, fight today’s potential adversaries. Paths to nuclear use, strategies that simultaneously account for prevailing conventionally while deterring strategic attacks, and concepts to restore deterrence should an adversary choose strategic escalation are among the most important considerations the United States must contend with in an era of intensifying Great Power competition. So along with modernizing the hardware and software of the U.S. nuclear enterprise, we are called to revitalize our cognitive approaches. This requires the national security community to understand the character of today’s security environment, revisit and refresh enduring deterrence truths, and explore new deterrence frameworks necessary for modern-day challenges. Recent Publications Lessons and Legacies of the War in Ukraine: Conference Report Jeffrey Mankoff Joint Force Quarterly 112 NDU Press Solarium at 70: Project Solarium’s Influence on Eisenhower Historiography and National Security Strategy Walter M. Hudson Joint Force Quarterly 111 (4th Quarter, 2023) PRISM Vol. 10, No. 3 (September 2023) Discerning the Drivers of China’s Nuclear Force Development: Models, Indicators, and Data David C. Logan and Phillip C. 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